![]() ![]() A three-year study of mating behavior in a free-ranging band of rhesus monkeys. Patterns of fight interference in free-ranging rhesus monkeys. Social behavior of wild pygmy chimpanzees ( Pan paniscus) of Wamba: A preliminary report. DeVore (ed.), Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, New York, pp. In: Primate Behavior: Field Studies of Monkeys and Apes. Male-male competition and infanticide among the langurs ( Presbytis entellus) of Abu Rajasthan. Crook (eds.), Academic Press, London, pp. In: Comparative Ecology and Behaviour of Primates, R. Some observations on the sexual behaviour of captive lowland gorillas, Gorilla g. Graham (ed.), Academic Press, New York, pp. In: Reproductive Biology of the Great Apes, E. Male emigration and female transfer in wild mountain gorilla. Intermale competition and the reproductive behavior of the great apes. Social relationships among adult female mountain gorillas. Strategies of emigration and transfer by primates, with particular reference to gorillas. Activity periods and patterns of social interaction: a neglected problem. Susman (ed.), Plenum Press, New York & London, pp. In: The Pygmy Chimpanzee: Evolutionary Biology and Behavior, R. Sexual behavior of Pan paniscus under natural conditions in the Lomako forest, Equateur, Zaïre. Seasonal variation in sexual behavior of all-male rhesus troops. The behaviour of free-living chimpanzees in the Gombe Stream Reserve. ![]() Quelques observations sur les groupes exclusivement males chez Erythrocebus patas. Clutton-Brock (ed.), Academic Press, London, pp. In: Primate Ecology: Studies of Feeding and Ranging Behaviour in Lemurs, Monkeys and Apes, T. Feeding ecology of free-ranging mountain gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla beringei). ![]() Reproduction among free-living mountain gorillas. McCown (eds.), Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, Calif., pp. Development of the mountain gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla beringei) through the first 36 months. Observations on the home range of one group of mountain gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla beringei). Vocalizations of the mountain groilla ( Gorilla gorilla beringei). Observations on a small group of mountain gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla beringei). An ethological analysis of types of agonistic interaction in a captive group of Java-monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis). Exploitative and familiarity-dependent support strategies in a colony of semi-free living chimpanzees. Male dominance and mating behavior in baboons In: Sex and Behavior, F. Observations on the ranging behaviour and daily activity of lone silverback mountain gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla beringei). Napier (eds.), Academic Press, New York, pp. The ecology and behavior of Lowe's guenon ( Cercopithecus campbelli lowei) in the Ivory Coast. Intergroup social dynamics of the Cayo Santiago rhesus ( Macaca mulatta) with special reference to changes in group membership by males. The Behavioural Repertoire of the Stumptail Macaque. Rosenblum (ed.), Academic Press, New York, pp. In: Primate Behavior: Developments in Field and Laboratory Research, Vol. Its formation is probably related to recent social change in the Virunga gorilla population.Īltmann, S. An all-male group may not be a favorable unit for females to transfer to, but may be profitable for maturing males to associate with. On the other hand, when and after a subadult male had immigrated into their group, they frequently encountered other units and did not move away from the encounter site. The members avoided contact with other units and shifted their range after several encounters. The group's ranging was influenced by encounters with neighboring social units. The blackbacks frequently supported the subadult aggressees by attacking the silverbacks, and the younger males displayed mediating behavior in violent fights between the silverbacks. Aggression was always directed from the elder and dominant males to the younger and subordinate males, while supporting interactions occurred in the opposite direction. ![]() However, the loser-support and mediating behavior observed in the group prevented them from engaging in severe fights. Thus, their relationships may not be explained in terms of dominance and subordinancy. Neither submissive nor reassurance behavior was noted between the silverbacks. The silverbacks retained “ownership” of the homosexual partners, but competed and fought with each other violently when the partners avoided or ignored their courtship. Such homosexual behavior reduced the inter-individual distances and increased the social tension between the two silverbacks in the group. Frequent homosexual interactions characterized the high cohesiveness of this group. Six unrelated male gorillas formed an all-male group within the Virunga mountain gorilla population. ![]()
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